- Home
- THE BIG PICTURE OF BIOLOGY
- BIG IDEA 1: EVOLUTION
- 1A: Evolution - Change in Genetic Makeup
- 1B: Evolution by Common Descent
- 1C: Life Continues to Evolve
- 1D: Theories of the History of Life
- BIG IDEA 2: ORGANISMS USE ENERGY AND MOLECULES TO GROW, REPRODUCE, AND MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS
- 2A: PHOTOSYNTHESIS, CELLULAR RESPIRATION, AND ENERGY
- 2B: CELL HOMEOSTASIS - CELL MEMBRANE PROCESSES
- 2.C: HOMEOSTASIS - POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
- 2.D: Growth and dynamic homeostasis of a biological system are influenced by changes in the system’s environment.
- 2.E: Many biological processes involved in growth, reproduction and dynamic homeostasis include temporal regulation and coordination.
- BIG IDEA 3: LIVING SYSTEMS STORE, RETRIEVE, TRANSMIT, AND RESPOND TO INFORMATION
- 3.A: DNA TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION
- 3.B: GENE REGULATION - TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION
- 3C: GENETIC MUTATIONS AND VIRUSES
- 3D: CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION
- 3E: ANIMAL BEHAVIOR AND NERVOUS SYSTEM
- BIG IDEA 4: BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS INTERACT IN COMPLEX WAYS
- 4A: BIOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY
- 4.B: Competition and cooperation are important aspects of biological systems.
- 4.C: Naturally occurring diversity among and between components within biological systems affects interactions with the environment.
- RESULTS AND RESOURCES
- AP BIO LABS: BIG IDEA 1 - EVOLUTION
- AP BIO LABS: BIG IDEA 2 -
- AP BIO LABS: BIG IDEA 3
- AP BIO LABS: BIG IDEA 4
Enduring understanding 1.C: Life continues to evolve within a changing environment.
Essential knowledge 1.C.1: Speciation and extinction have occurred throughout the Earth’s history.
a. Speciation rates can vary, especially when adaptive radiation occurs when new habitats become available.
b. Species extinction rates are rapid at times of ecological stress. [See also 4.C.3]
To foster student understanding of this concept, instructors can choose an illustrative example such as:
• Five major extinctions
• Human impact on ecosystems and species extinction rates
b. Species extinction rates are rapid at times of ecological stress. [See also 4.C.3]
To foster student understanding of this concept, instructors can choose an illustrative example such as:
• Five major extinctions
• Human impact on ecosystems and species extinction rates
Essential knowledge 1.C.2: Speciation may occur when two populations become reproductively isolated from each other.
a. Speciation results in diversity of life forms. Species can be physically separated by a geographic barrier such as an ocean or a mountain range, or various pre-and post-zygotic mechanisms can maintain reproductive isolation and prevent gene flow.
|
b. New species arise from reproductive isolation over time, which can involve scales of hundreds of thousands or even millions of years, or speciation can occur rapidly through mechanisms such as polyploidy in plants.
|
Essential knowledge 1.C.3: Populations of organisms continue to evolve.
a. Scientific evidence supports the idea that evolution has occurred in all species.
b. Scientific evidence supports the idea that evolution continues to occur.
Examples are:
• Chemical resistance (mutations for resistance to antibiotics, pesticides, herbicides or chemotherapy drugs occur in the absence of the chemical)
• Emergent diseases
• Observed directional phenotypic change in a population (Grants’ observations of Darwin’s finches in the Galapagos)
• A eukaryotic example that describes evolution of a structure or process such as heart chambers, limbs, the brain and the immune system
b. Scientific evidence supports the idea that evolution continues to occur.
Examples are:
• Chemical resistance (mutations for resistance to antibiotics, pesticides, herbicides or chemotherapy drugs occur in the absence of the chemical)
• Emergent diseases
• Observed directional phenotypic change in a population (Grants’ observations of Darwin’s finches in the Galapagos)
• A eukaryotic example that describes evolution of a structure or process such as heart chambers, limbs, the brain and the immune system